16 Tenses dalam bahasa inggris

Tenses yang dipergunakan dalam bahasa Inggris itu jumlahnya ada 16 waktu, yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan “16 tenses “. Maka lebih jelasnya perhatikan bentuk-bentuk waktu berikut:

1 PRESENT TENSE
2 PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE
3 PAST TENSE
4 PAST CONTINOUS TENSE
5 SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
6 PAST FUTURE TENSE
7 PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
8 PAST PERFECT TENSE
9 FUTURE CONTINOUS TENSE
10 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE
11 PAST PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE
12 FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
13 FUTURE PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE
14 FUTURE PAST CONTINOUS TENSE
15 FUTURE PAST PERFECT TENSE
16 FUTURE PAST PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE

Berikut ini adalah contoh-contoh tenses sebagai berikut:

1.        Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang)

*Rumus:
1) Positif (+) = S+V1(es/s)+O
2) Negatif (-) = S+Do/does+Not+V1+O
3) Introgatif(?) =Do/does+S+V1+O

Contoh :

(+) Sisca Reads book everyday
(-) Sisca does not Read book everyday
(?) does Sisca Read book everyday ?

2.        Present Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sekarang)

*Rumus:
1. Positif : S+V.ing+O
2. Negatif : S+do/does+not+V1+O
3. Introgatif : Do/does +S+V1+O

Contoh :

(+) They are playing badmintoon now

(–) They are not playing badmintoon now

(?) Are they palaying badmintoon now ?

3.        PRESENT PERFECT TENSES (Waktu Sempurna Sekarang)

*Rumus:
1. Posituf (+) : S+have/has+V3+O
2. Negatif (-) : S+have/has+not+V3+O
3. Introgatif (?): Have/has+S+V3+O

Contoh :

(+) We have learned English for two years
(-) We have not learned English for two years
(?) Have we learned English for two years

4.        Past Tense (Waktu Lampau)

*Rumus:
1. Positif (+) : S+V2+O
2. Negatif (-) : S+Did not+V2+O
3. Introgatif (?): Did+S+V2+O

Contoh :

(+) We were at school yesterday
(-) We were not at school yesterday
(?) were we at school yesterday ?

5.        PAST CONTINOUS TENSES (Waktu Berlangsung Lampau)

*Rumus:
1. Positif (+): S+was/were+vVing+O
2. Negatif (-): S+was/were+not+v.ing+o
3. introgatif (?): was/were+S+v.ing+o

Contoh :

(+) He was watching television all afternoon last week

(-) He wasn’t watching television all afternoon last week

(?) Was He watching television all afternoon last week

6.        PAST PERFECT TENSES (Waktu Sempurna Lampau)

*Rumus:
1. Positif (+): S+had+V3+O
2. Negatif (-): S+had not+V3+o
3. Intrigattif (?):Had+S+V3+O

Contoh :

(+) When my brother arrived , I had painted my motor cycle

(-) When my brother arrived , I hadn’t painted my motor cycle

(?) Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived ?

7.        SIMPLE FUTURE TENSES (Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana)

*Rumus:
1. Positif (+): S+shall+/will+V1+O
2. Negatif(-): S+shall/will+not+V1+O
3. Introgatif (?): Shall/will+S+V1+O

Contoh :

(+) He will go to Pasir Panjang tomorrow morning
(-) He will not go to Pasir Panjang tomorrow morning
(?) Will he go to pasir Panjang tomorrow morning?

8.        PAST FUTURE TENSES (Waktu Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)

*Rumus:
1. Positif (+): S+should/would+V1+O
2. Negatif (-): S+should/would+not+V1+O
3. Introgatif (?): Should/would+S+V1+O

Contoh :

(+) He would come if you invited him

(-) He wouldn’t come if invited him.

(?) Would He come if invited him ?

9.        FUTURE CONTINOUS TENSES (Waktu Berlangsung Akan Datang)

*Rumus:
1. Positif (+): S+shall/will+be+Ving+O
2. Negatif (-): S+shall/will+not+be+Ving+O
3. Introgatif (?): Shall/will+S+be+ving+O

Contoh :

(+) I will be writing a comic.

(-) I will not writing a comic.

(?) Will I be writing a comic ?

10.    PRESENT PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSES (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang)

*Rumus:
1. Positif (+): S+have/has+been+Ving+O
2. Negatif (-): S+have/has+not+been+Ving+O
3. Itrogatif (?): Have/has+S+been+Ving+O

Contoh :

(+) She has been going to Malang since evening.

(-) She hasn’t been going to Malang since evening.

(?) Has she been going to Malang ?

11.    PAST PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSES (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Lampau)

*Rumus:
1. Positif (+): S+had+been+vVng+O
2. Negatif (-) :S+had+not+been+Ving+O
3. Introgatif (?): Had+s+been+ving+O

Contoh :

(+) They had been living there for two month

(-) They hadn’t been living there for two month

(?) Had they been living there for two month?

12.    FUTURE PERFECT TENSES (Waktu Sempurna Akan Datang)

*Rumus:
1. Positif (+): S+will/shall+have+V3+O
2. negatif (-) : S+will/shall+not+have+V3+O
3. Introgatif (?): Will/shall+S+have+V3+O

Contoh :

(+) She will have written his lesson by time he go out
(-) She will not have written his lesson by time he go out
(?) Will she have written his lesson by time he go out?

13.    FUTURE PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSES (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Akan Datang)

*Rumus:
1. Positif (+): S+shall/will+have+been+Ving+O
2. Negatif (-): S+shall+will+not+have+been+Ving+O
3. Introgatif (?):Shall/will+S+have+been+Ving+O

Contoh :

(+) I will have been reading a news paper.

(-) I will haven’t been reading a news paper.

(?) Will I have been riding a news paper ?

14.    FUTURE PAST CONTINOUS TENSES (Waktu Akan Sedang Terjadi Diwaktu Lampau)

*Rumus:
1. Positif (+): S+should/would+be+Ving+O
2. Negatif (-): S+should/would+not+be+V.ing+O
3. Introgatif (?): Should/would+S+be+V.ing+O

Contoh :

(+) I should be swimming at this time the following day.

(-) I shouldn’t be swimming at this time the following day.

(?) Shall I be swimming at this time the following day ?

15.    FUTURE PAST PERFECT TENSES (Waktu Akan Sudah Selesai Di Waktu Lampau)

*Rumus:
1. Positif (+): S+should/would+have+V2+O
2. Negatif (-): S+should/would+not+have+V2+O
3. Introgatif (?): Should/would+S+not+have+V2+O

Contoh :

(+) Udin will have studied moth by the end of this week.

(-) Udin will have not studied month by the end of this week

(?) Will Udin have studied month by the end of this week ?

16.    FUTURE PAST PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSES (Waktu Yang Sudah Sedang Berlangsung Pada Waktu Lampau)

*Rumus:
1. Positif (+): S+should/would+have+been+V.ing+O
2. Negatif (-): S+should/would+not+have+been+V.ing+O
3. Inttrogatif (?): Should/would+S+have+been+V.ing+O

Contoh :

(+) Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years

(-) Rianawati wouldn’t have been speaking English for two years

(?) Would Rianawati have been speaking English for two years?